The definition of diabetes:
Diabetes is due to a defective insulin secretion and (or) to reduce its biological effects (insulin resistance) caused by high blood sugar characterized by chronic, systemic metabolic diseases. Classification of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (pancreatic islet β cell destruction, usually leading to absolute lack of insulin)
Autoimmune: acute type, late-onset
Special hairstyle
Type 2 diabetes
(Insulin resistance mainly with the relative lack of insulin, or lack of insulin secretion mainly associated with insulin resistance)
Other types of special
Islet β-cell function abnormal gene
The role of abnormal insulin gene
Exocrine pancreatic disease
Endocrine diseases
Drugs or chemicals
Infection
See very immune-mediated diabetes
Other genetic syndrome associated with diabetes
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Diabetes diagnostic criteria
1 + symptoms of diabetes at any time the level of plasma glucose ≥ 11.1mmol / L (200mg/dl) or
2, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of ≥ 7.0 mmol / L (126mg/dl) or
3, OGTT test, 2hPG level ≥ 11.1mmol / L (200mg/dl)
Diabetes prevention and early detection is the key to longevity for diabetics. Early diabetes may not appear to drink more and more food, more than the weight of urine and "a little more than 3" typical symptoms, because the typical symptoms appear, it means a long course of disease, a serious condition. In particular, type II diabetes is even more so. So there may be doubts about the object of diabetes, such as obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, skin pruritus, the Jiuzhibuyu Chuang Yang, a normal diet without any discomfort, such as weight, blood sugar should go to the hospital for examination, so as not to delay treatment.
Early detection of diabetes should pay attention to the following aspects.
1, a family history of diabetes, in old age, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, such as diabetes are all risk factors. There should be above the crowd on a regular basis in order to check to the hospital early detection of diabetes.
2, the following situation should be suspected of having diabetes
Diabetes does not necessarily have "a little more than 3" of the typical symptoms, especially in type II diabetes, resulting in the following situations and should consider whether or not related to diabetes.
① there is a family history of diabetes. Clear light of the family history of diabetes mellitus type II diabetes occurs to a great possibility, it is necessary to draw attention.
② unusual delivery history. For reasons unknown number of the history of abortion, stillbirth, stillbirth, premature delivery, deformed child or children, and so great.
③ repeated infection. Refractory genital itching or repeated vulva, vagina fungal infection, or made repeated carbuncle swollen sores, there may be people with diabetes. A lot of women patients is due to go outside the Yin Yang gynecology clinic and found that diabetes.
④ impotence. Male impotence patients, and ruled out in the urogenital tract lesions local, suspected to be likely to have diabetes.
⑤ more urine, thirsty, drink more, or the recent unexplained weight loss.
⑥ occasional positive urine sugar and fasting blood glucose to normal doubts whether diabetes should be further checks.
⑦ reactive hypoglycemia. Meal occurred in more than 3 hours or 3 hours, flustered performance, hunger, sweating, trembling, and so on. Greed in the blood may be low or lower than normal in some obese type II diabetes may be early this performance.
⑧ occurred in young patients with atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, eye diseases such as diabetes should be any doubt. Blood sugar, urine sugar monitoring
Stable condition in patients with insulin treatment, every 2 weeks measured 3 times a day glucose (fasting, 2 hours after breakfast before going to bed and blood sugar).
Poor control of the disease in patients with insulin treatment, such as conditions permit, every 3 days measuring blood sugar 7th day (three meals a day, three meals a day plus 2 hours after bedtime), uncomfortable when measured immediately.
Poor control of the disease in patients treated with insulin, the less well-off, every 3 days measuring blood sugar 4th day (three meals a day plus before bedtime)
Stable condition in patients with oral hypoglycemic drug, every 2 weeks -1 month test one day on an empty stomach or blood sugar 2 hours after breakfast. Can be measured urine sugar (the elderly and persons with the exception of renal damage)
Unstable condition of patients with oral hypoglycemic drugs, measured a week or a day of fasting blood glucose 2 hours after breakfast.
Illness or blood glucose> 20 mmol / L (360mg/dl), U-test should be.

Determination of blood sugar when patients and the environment:
Cold, edema, vasospasm, intracranial pressure, dehydration or blood sugar problems and so on, affect the results, so patients should be 16-26 ℃ when blood, blood on an empty stomach before fasting 10-14 hours, to avoid Smoking, drinking tea, coffee, alcoholic drinks and other beverages excitability, avoid mental stimulation and emotional, if it is possible to disable oral contraceptives, nicotinic acid and certain diuretics.
Diabetic diet principles are: 1. Control the daily food intake of total calories to achieve or maintain an ideal weight for good. 2.'s Food ingredients should be low in fat, moderate protein, high carbohydrate. Which is the staple food of high carbohydrate. 3. High-fiber diet. More choices, such as coarse grains, vegetables, such as food, blood sugar and blood fat in favor of the decline in the stool and unimpeded. 4. Eating light, Chi Yan daily 6-8g. 5. Shaoliangduocan adhere to a regular meal will be quantitative.
Diabetics must learn how to use food science to exchange their own arrangements for three meals a day. According to the patient's height, weight and working to determine the nature of the caloric intake, you can use the conversion formula of the decision of the volume and variety of food. For example, a diabetic person's body weight a day according to his needs 1,200 kilocalories of heat, the staple food to give him a two-3, you can eat rice or noodles or steamed bread. Non-staple food such as meat is 22 (or shrimp, fish, other meat can be, in control of the two 2) is eating an egg a day up to one can of vegetables to eat Erjin about the day's volume set, and then based on the three meals a day , And then points. Patients with diabetes can be their own eating habits, economic conditions, season, the market supply, such as choice of food, three meals a day swap. Without control or guarantee in excess of the total calories a day to ensure adequate nutrition under the premise of diabetes and can eat like normal people.